VERA Operators Part

Reduction Operators

Like in Verilog and SystemVerilog, VERA reduction operators are unary, they perform a bit-wise operation on signle operand to produce a single bit result.

Following reduction Operators are supported in VERA

Operator	Description
&	and
~&	nand
\|	or
~\|	nor
^	xor
^~ or ~^	xnor

Example : Reduction Operators


  1 program reduction {
  2   // Bit Wise AND reduction
  3   printf (" &  4'b1001 = %b\n", (&  4'b1001));
  4   printf (" &  4'bx111 = %b\n", (&  4'bx111));
  5   printf (" &  4'bz111 = %b\n", (&  4'bz111));
  6   // Bit Wise NAND reductio\n"
  7   printf (" ~& 4'b1001 = %b\n", (~& 4'b1001));
  8   printf (" ~& 4'bx001 = %b\n", (~& 4'bx001));
  9   printf (" ~& 4'bz001 = %b\n", (~& 4'bz001));
 10   // Bit Wise OR reduction
 11   printf (" |  4'b1001 = %b\n", (|  4'b1001));
 12   printf (" |  4'bx000 = %b\n", (|  4'bx000));
 13   printf (" |  4'bz000 = %b\n", (|  4'bz000));
 14   // Bit Wise OR reduction
 15   printf (" ~| 4'b1001 = %b\n", (~| 4'b1001));
 16   printf (" ~| 4'bx001 = %b\n", (~| 4'bx001));
 17   printf (" ~| 4'bz001 = %b\n", (~| 4'bz001));
 18   // Bit Wise XOR reduction\n"
 19   printf (" ^  4'b1001 = %b\n", (^  4'b1001));
 20   printf (" ^  4'bx001 = %b\n", (^  4'bx001));
 21   printf (" ^  4'bz001 = %b\n", (^  4'bz001));
 22   // Bit Wise XNOR
 23   printf (" ~^ 4'b1001 = %b\n", (~^ 4'b1001));
 24   printf (" ~^ 4'bx001 = %b\n", (~^ 4'bx001));
 25   printf (" ~^ 4'bz001 = %b\n", (~^ 4'bz001));
 26 }

You could download file reduction.vr here

Simulation : Reduction Operators

  &  4'b1001 = 0
  &  4'bx111 = x
  &  4'bz111 = x
  ~& 4'b1001 = 1
  ~& 4'bx001 = 1
  ~& 4'bz001 = 1
  |  4'b1001 = 1
  |  4'bx000 = x
  |  4'bz000 = x
  ~| 4'b1001 = 0
  ~| 4'bx001 = 0
  ~| 4'bz001 = 0
  ^  4'b1001 = 0
  ^  4'bx001 = x
  ^  4'bz001 = x
  ~^ 4'b1001 = 1
  ~^ 4'bx001 = x
  ~^ 4'bz001 = x

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